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Betulaceae
Mountain, Piedmont
Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia
Tall Shrub
10 - 15ft
6 - 12ft
Brown, Red
Nut/Nut-like; Brown
Partial Sun
Clay, Loamy
Dry, Moist
March - April
yellow to orange
dry woodlands, woods edge, rocky wooded or open hillsides, fence rows, ravine banks, floodplain woods, brushy pastures
forms large thickets; edible nut; male catkins brown, female red; Grows in clumps or extensive patches; nuts good flavored, frequently collected in the fall; squirrels, chipmunks, jays, deer, grouse, and pheasant eat the nuts; rabbits and deer browse the twigs and the dense thickets furnish good cover and nesting sites