Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis

Caprifoliaceae

Coastal Plain, Mountain, Piedmont

Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia

Medium Shrub

6 - 12ft

6 - 12ft

White

Berry; Black, Purple

Full Sun, Partial Sun, Shade

Clay, Loamy, Sandy

Dry, Moist, Wet

June - July

yellow green

fresh tidal and nontidal marshes, swamps, wet meadows, moist woods, old fields

berries eaten by 48 species of birds; Berries used for jellies, pies, and wines; the blossoms may be used for wine and mixed in batter to make muffins and pancakes; fruits eaten by many species of birds, including doves, wild turkey and other game birds